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Organizational life cycle : ウィキペディア英語版
Organizational life cycle
The organizational life cycle is the life cycle of an organization from its creation to its termination. It also refers to the expected sequence of advancements experienced by an organization, as opposed to a randomized occurrence of events.〔Bess, J. (1984). College and university organization. New York: New York University Press, p.43.〕 The relevance of a biological life cycle relating to the growth of an organization, was discovered by organizational researchers many years ago.〔Lester, D., Parnell, J. and Carraher, S. (2003). Organizational life cycle: A five-stage empirical scale. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4), p.339-354.〕 This was apparent as organizations had a distinct conception, periods of expansion〔Mintzberg, H. (1984). Power and organization life cycles. Academy of Management review, 9(2), pp.207--224.〕 and eventually, termination.〔Kimberly, J. and Miles, R. (1980). The Organizational life cycle. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.〕
==Development==
Although various theorists and academics were involved in the development of the organizational life cycle model, Mason Haire is commonly identified as one of the pioneers of this concept. He was amid the initial few,〔Smith, K., Mitchell, T. and Summer, C. (1985). Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of management Journal, 28(4), pp.799--820.〕 who suggested that organizations may adhere to a certain path of uniformity in their course of expansion.〔Haire, M. (1959). Modern organization theory. John Wiley.〕
Subsequently, much research has been done on the organizational life cycle theory, and can be found in various literature on organizations.〔Smith, N. and Miner, J. (1983). Type of entrepreneur, type of firm, and managerial motivation: Implications for organizational life cycle theory. Strategic Management Journal, 4(4), pp.325--340.〕 Examples include, the various stages in an organization's life cycle, phases of growth experienced by an organization during expansion and implications for these phases of growth.〔Jawahar, I. and McLaughlin, G. (2001). Toward a descriptive stakeholder theory: An organizational life cycle approach. Academy of Management Review, 26(3), pp.397--414.〕

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